Most Common Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) in Nepal

Most Common Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) in Nepal

Sexually transmitted Diseases (STDs) remain an important public-health concern in Nepal. However, there is no single national prevalence study that accurately ranks every STD in Nepal in  the entire population. Available Nepalese studies show substantial variation according to population and location. Following are most the common Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) in Nepal.

1. Human Papillomavirus (HPV) – HPV is among the most frequently detected sexually transmitted infections. A population-based study of married women in rural Nepal found HPV in 14.3% of participants. Some HPV types can cause genital warts, while persistent high-risk HPV can contribute to cervical cancer.

2. Trichomoniasis – Caused by Trichomonas vaginalis, it can cause vaginal discharge, irritation and discomfort, although many infections are asymptomatic. The same rural Nepal study found 5.4% prevalence, while a study among pregnant women reported 7.1%.

3. Chlamydia – Chlamydia trachomatis may cause genital discharge or burning urination but is frequently asymptomatic. Studies have reported 0.8% in rural women and 1.5% among pregnant women.

4. Syphilis – Syphilis remains important because untreated infection can cause serious complications. Prevalence varies considerably between populations; recent surveillance among MSM in Nepal reported 13.1%, illustrating the higher burden in some key populations.

5. Gonorrhea – Gonorrhea can cause urethral or genital discharge and burning urination. Its prevalence varies by population; Nepalese studies have documented infection particularly among key populations.

Important: These figures come from different populations and studies and should not be interpreted as a national ranking or national prevalence estimate. Testing is important because several STIs can occur without symptoms.